Maven 용어 정리

아래 이미지를 참고하자.

메이븐의 Lifecycle, Phase, Goal, Plugin에 대해 설명해 주고 있다.

[참고 이미지] https://i.stack.imgur.com/tp88Z.jpg

Lifecycle

Maven에는 3가지 라이프사이클을 제공하고 있다.

Clean lifecycle : 빌드된 결과물 제거

Default/build lifecycle : 빌드 결과물 생성

Site lifecycle : Java document 결과물 생성

CI 툴을 이용하여 메이븐 빌드를 할 때 mvn clean deploy 와 같이 실행하면 빌드된 결과물을 제거하고 빌드 결과물이 생성된다.

Phase

라이프사이클의 단계를 의미한다.

Phase는 의존관계를 가지고 있다. 

예를들어 mvn package 를 실행하게 되면 package phase위에 있는 모든 phase가 우선적으로 실행되고 package가 실행된다. (위의 이미지 참고)

validate -> ... -> compile -> ... -> test -> ... -> package 순으로 실행

Goal

goal은 ant의 target과 같은 개념

Maven에서 제공하는 모든 기능은 플러그인 기반으로 동작

Phase를 실행하면 해당 Phase와 연결된 플러그인 Goal이 실행된다.

mvn compiler:compile (compiler 플러그인에서 compile Goal을 실행한다는 의미)

mvn [plugin-name]:[goal-name]

Plugin Goal 기능

compile : src/main/java 디렉토리에 위치한 코드 컴파일

test-compile : compile goal에 의존관계 있음. compile goal 먼저 실행 후 test 코드 컴파일

test : target/test-classes에 위치한 junit 단위 테스트 실행, 결과는 target/surefire-reports 디렉토리에 생성

package : jar, war 압축 

install : 압축한 jar, war 파일을 local repoitory에 등록

deploy : jar, war 파일을 remote repository에 등록

clean : target 디렉토리의 결과물을 모두 제거

[참고]

모든 메이븐 프로젝트는 Super POM을 상속한다.

Super POM에는 Phase와 연결된 플러그인 Goal이 등록되어 있다.

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.jooq</groupId>
  <artifactId>jooq-codegen-maven</artifactId>
  <version>3.9.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <goals>
        <goal>repackage</goal>
      </goals>
      <configuration>
        <mainClass>${start-class}</mainClass>
      </configuration>
    </execution>
  </executions>
  <configuration>
    <mainClass>${start-class}</mainClass>
  </configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>1.8</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.6</version>
  <configuration>
    <recompressZippedFiles>false</recompressZippedFiles>
  </configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.6.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>3.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.10</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-release-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.3.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-eclipse-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.10</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-enforcer-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>1.4</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.18.1</version>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <goals>
        <goal>integration-test</goal>
        <goal>verify</goal>
      </goals>
    </execution>
  </executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-invoker-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>1.10</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-help-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.6</version>
  <configuration>
    <archive>
      <manifest>
        <mainClass>${start-class}</mainClass>
        <addDefaultImplementationEntries>true</addDefaultImplementationEntries>
      </manifest>
    </archive>
  </configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.10.4</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.6</version>
  <configuration>
    <delimiters>
      <delimiter>@</delimiter>
    </delimiters>
    <useDefaultDelimiters>false</useDefaultDelimiters>
  </configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.4.3</version>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <phase>package</phase>
      <goals>
        <goal>shade</goal>
      </goals>
      <configuration>
        <transformers>
          <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
            <resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
          </transformer>
          <transformer implementation="org.springframework.boot.maven.PropertiesMergingResourceTransformer">
            <resource>META-INF/spring.factories</resource>
          </transformer>
          <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
            <resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
          </transformer>
          <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ServicesResourceTransformer" />
          <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
            <mainClass>${start-class}</mainClass>
          </transformer>
        </transformers>
        <keepDependenciesWithProvidedScope>true</keepDependenciesWithProvidedScope>
        <createDependencyReducedPom>true</createDependencyReducedPom>
        <filters>
          <filter>
            <artifact>*:*</artifact>
            <excludes>
              <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
              <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
              <exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
            </excludes>
          </filter>
        </filters>
      </configuration>
    </execution>
  </executions>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
      <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <configuration>
    <keepDependenciesWithProvidedScope>true</keepDependenciesWithProvidedScope>
    <createDependencyReducedPom>true</createDependencyReducedPom>
    <filters>
      <filter>
        <artifact>*:*</artifact>
        <excludes>
          <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
          <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
          <exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
        </excludes>
      </filter>
    </filters>
  </configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>3.5.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.4</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.18.1</version>
  <configuration>
    <includes>
      <include>**/*Tests.java</include>
      <include>**/*Test.java</include>
    </includes>
    <excludes>
      <exclude>**/Abstract*.java</exclude>
    </excludes>
  </configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.6</version>
  <configuration>
    <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
    <archive>
      <manifest>
        <mainClass>${start-class}</mainClass>
        <addDefaultImplementationEntries>true</addDefaultImplementationEntries>
      </manifest>
    </archive>
  </configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
  <artifactId>build-helper-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>1.10</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
  <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>1.5.0</version>
  <configuration>
    <mainClass>${start-class}</mainClass>
  </configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
  <artifactId>versions-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
  <groupId>pl.project13.maven</groupId>
  <artifactId>git-commit-id-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.2.2</version>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <goals>
        <goal>revision</goal>
      </goals>
      <configuration>
        <verbose>true</verbose>
        <dateFormat>yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZ</dateFormat>
        <generateGitPropertiesFile>true</generateGitPropertiesFile>
        <generateGitPropertiesFilename>D:\workspace_IntelliJ\project_test\my_application\target\classes/git.properties</generateGitPropertiesFilename>
      </configuration>
    </execution>
  </executions>
  <configuration>
    <verbose>true</verbose>
    <dateFormat>yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZ</dateFormat>
    <generateGitPropertiesFile>true</generateGitPropertiesFile>
    <generateGitPropertiesFilename>D:\workspace_IntelliJ\project_test\my_application\target\classes/git.properties</generateGitPropertiesFilename>
  </configuration>
</plugin>